Which of the following is NOT a family-based intervention?

• A. Structural Family Therapy
• B. Functional Family Therapy
• C. PMT
• D. Interpersonal Psychotherapy

Answer: (D)

Interpersonal Psychotherapy centers on the individual’s personal relationships and social functioning, using structured work to improve how the person relates to others and handles relational conflicts. It is delivered primarily to the person and does not systematically modify family structure or the way family members interact as a unit. In contrast, the other approaches are built around the family system: Structural Family Therapy works to reorganize how the family is structured and communicates; Functional Family Therapy aims to change overall family functioning and interaction patterns; and Parent Management Training teaches parents specific skills to manage and shape their child’s behavior within the family context. Because it focuses on the individual rather than the family system, Interpersonal Psychotherapy is not a family-based intervention.