In TF-CBT, which component specifically involves both the parent and child in sessions to support processing of trauma?

• A. Conjoint parent-child sessions.
• B. Psychoeducation only.
• C. Relaxation skills only.
• D. In vivo mastery alone.

Answer: (C)

Conjoint parent-child sessions are the part of TF-CBT that brings both the parent and child into sessions together to process the trauma. In these joint sessions, the therapist guides the child’s trauma processing while the parent learns how to respond supportively, validate emotions, and help apply skills outside therapy. This shared processing helps the child feel heard and reduces avoidance by having the caregiver present to reinforce coping strategies and communication patterns.

Relaxation skills are typically taught as a skill-building component focused on the child (and sometimes the parent) but not primarily about processing trauma memories in a joint session. Psychoeducation provides information about trauma and TF-CBT but does not in itself constitute joint processing. In vivo mastery involves real-life exposure to reminders with caregiver support, but it centers on gradual exposure rather than the collaborative processing of traumatic memories in a single joint session.